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Proper-motion binaries in the Hipparcos catalogue. Comparison with radial velocity data
Context: .This paper is the last in a series devoted to the analysis ofthe binary content of the Hipparcos Catalogue. Aims: .Thecomparison of the proper motions constructed from positions spanning ashort (Hipparcos) or long time (Tycho-2) makes it possible to uncoverbinaries with periods of the order of or somewhat larger than the shorttime span (in this case, the 3 yr duration of the Hipparcos mission),since the unrecognised orbital motion will then add to the propermotion. Methods: .A list of candidate proper motion binaries isconstructed from a carefully designed χ2 test evaluatingthe statistical significance of the difference between the Tycho-2 andHipparcos proper motions for 103 134 stars in common between the twocatalogues (excluding components of visual systems). Since similar listsof proper-motion binaries have already been constructed, the presentpaper focuses on the evaluation of the detection efficiency ofproper-motion binaries, using different kinds of control data (mostlyradial velocities). The detection rate for entries from the NinthCatalogue of Spectroscopic Binary Orbits (S_B^9) is evaluated, as wellas for stars like barium stars, which are known to be all binaries, andfinally for spectroscopic binaries identified from radial velocity datain the Geneva-Copenhagen survey of F and G dwarfs in the solarneighbourhood. Results: .Proper motion binaries are efficientlydetected for systems with parallaxes in excess of ~20 mas, and periodsin the range 1000-30 000 d. The shortest periods in this range(1000-2000 d, i.e., once to twice the duration of the Hipparcos mission)may appear only as DMSA/G binaries (accelerated proper motion in theHipparcos Double and Multiple System Annex). Proper motion binariesdetected among S_B9 systems having periods shorter than about400 d hint at triple systems, the proper-motion binary involving acomponent with a longer orbital period. A list of 19 candidate triplesystems is provided. Binaries suspected of having low-mass(brown-dwarf-like) companions are listed as well. Among the 37 bariumstars with parallaxes larger than 5 mas, only 7 exhibit no evidence forduplicity whatsoever (be it spectroscopic or astrometric). Finally, thefraction of proper-motion binaries shows no significant variation amongthe various (regular) spectral classes, when due account is taken forthe detection biases.Full Table [see full textsee full text] is only available in electronicform at the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5)or via http://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/464/377
| Pulkovo compilation of radial velocities for 35495 stars in a common system.
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| Statistical Constraints for Astrometric Binaries with Nonlinear Motion
Useful constraints on the orbits and mass ratios of astrometric binariesin the Hipparcos catalog are derived from the measured proper motiondifferences of Hipparcos and Tycho-2 (Δμ), accelerations ofproper motions (μ˙), and second derivatives of proper motions(μ̈). It is shown how, in some cases, statistical bounds can beestimated for the masses of the secondary components. Two catalogs ofastrometric binaries are generated, one of binaries with significantproper motion differences and the other of binaries with significantaccelerations of their proper motions. Mathematical relations betweenthe astrometric observables Δμ, μ˙, and μ̈ andthe orbital elements are derived in the appendices. We find a remarkabledifference between the distribution of spectral types of stars withlarge accelerations but small proper motion differences and that ofstars with large proper motion differences but insignificantaccelerations. The spectral type distribution for the former sample ofbinaries is the same as the general distribution of all stars in theHipparcos catalog, whereas the latter sample is clearly dominated bysolar-type stars, with an obvious dearth of blue stars. We point outthat the latter set includes mostly binaries with long periods (longerthan about 6 yr).
| Kinematics of Sandage-Fouts stars in three cardinal directions
V and (B - V) for 429, 442, and 427 stars are observed in the directionsof the anticenter, Cygnus, and the NGP, respectively, and DDO colors forthose stars G0 and later. The samples observed are ones for whichSandage and Fouts (1987) have published radial velocities. W, V, and Wcomponents of space velocity are derived from DDO distances withavailable proper motions. A clear correlation was found to exist betweenthe velocity dispersions and Fe/H with the dispersions decreasing asFe/H increases to about + 0.00, where V then becomes significantlynegative. The 'thick disk' component is clearly recognized, with sigma(W) approximately equal to 36 km/sec. In the 'old thin disk' and the'young thin disk', 43 percent and 42 percent of the stars have negativeV values, respectively.
| Mean positions and proper motions of 224 stars based on PZT observations at Ondrejov in 1973-1986
An improvement of the positions and proper motions for the Ondrejov PZTstar list based on observations of 224 stars in the period 1973-1986 ispresented. The mean epoch of the PZT 86 catalogue is found to be 1981.56with a standard error in right ascension equal to + or - 0.0015 s/ andin delination equal to + or - 0.017 arcsec. The proper motions in rightascension and declination were obtained with an accuracy characterizedby the average standard errors of + or - 0.051 s/cy and + or - 0.57arcsec/cy, respectively. The PZT 86 catalogue is compared with theprevious PZT (1978 and 1983) catalogues, and with the AGK 3 (Dieckvoss,1975) catalogue.
| U, V, W velocity components for the old disk using radial velocities of 1295 stars in the three cardinal Galactic directions
New radial velocities are presented for 1295 stars chosen at random nearthe three cardinal Galactic directions of l = 180 deg, b = 0; l = 90deg, b = 0 deg; and b = 90 deg, giving the distribution in U, V, and W,respectively, from the radial velocities alone. The measurements weremade with the coude spectrograph of the Mount Wilson 100 in. Hookerreflector. The purpose of the program is to set limits on the densitynormalization in the solar neighborhood of the old thin disk, the oldthick disk, and the halo. Many more high-velocity stars are present inthe unbiased sample than expected from previous estimates of thenormalization. The data suggest the density ratios in the solarneighborhood to be about 90 percent, 10 percent, and about 0.5 percentfor the thin disk, thick disk, and halo populations, respectively.
| Mean positions and proper motions of 305 stars obtained from the combination of PZT observations at Ondrejov with AGK positions
Observations of 305 stars carried out at the Ondrejov Observatory in theperiod 1973-1983 were compared to the positions of the same stars in theAGK 2 and AGK 3 catalogs in order to obtain their mean positions andproper motions. The observations were performed in the course of 1140nights using the PZT telescope and comprise more than 32 thousand startransits. The average mean errors in the right ascension and declinationof a star that was observed thoughout the whole period were + or -0.0019 s and + or - 0.019 arcsec in the epoch around 1979. It ispredicted that the errors will increase + or - 0.0055 sec and + or -0.059 arcsec in the year 2000. A table listing the errors in the rightascension and declination is provided.
| The determination of mean positions and proper motions of 304 stars from PZT observations at Ondrejov
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Observation and Astrometry data
| Constellation: | Κύκνος |
| Right ascension: | 21h04m49.98s |
| Declination: | +50°01'33.7" |
| Apparent magnitude: | 8.757 |
| Distance: | 158.479 parsecs |
| Proper motion RA: | 24.6 |
| Proper motion Dec: | 0.7 |
| B-T magnitude: | 9.829 |
| V-T magnitude: | 8.846 |
Catalogs and designations:
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